EvaluationEvaluatorTimingAuthority to change rulesWhat it measures
Annual rulebook revisionParticipants themselvesEvery cycleBindingProcess quality
Annual accounting of the investment planInternal teamEvery cycleAdvisory with required responseProjects and delivery, Money and distribution
Participant surveys 1993 to 2015Fully external academic bodyMulti-cycleAdvisoryReach and participation, Process quality
Investment-per-head study 1989 to 2000Fully external academic bodyOne-timeInformational onlyMoney and distribution
UN-Habitat poverty study 2003External multilateral agencyOne-timeInformational onlyMoney and distribution, Downstream and institutional effects
Harvard and IDB assessment 2003 to 2005Fully external academic bodyOne-timeInformational onlyMoney and distribution, Reach and participation
World Bank study 2008External multilateral agencyOne-timeAdvisoryReach and participation, Money and distribution, Process quality, Downstream and institutional effects
City observatory backlog diagnosis 2016 to 2017Internal teamAd hocAdvisory with required responseProjects and delivery
Three-decade trajectory study 2024Fully external academic bodyAd hocInformational onlyReach and participation, Money and distribution, Downstream and institutional effects
Maker’s note · curator

The process has always carried its own feedback loop: the Regimento Interno, created in 1994, is rediscussed before every cycle and the 2023 edition fixes that debate in May. The loop is binding and it has cut both ways. In the 1990s it replaced winner-take-all slates with proportional ones (1992), added thematic plenaries (1994), dropped the criteria of mobilisation and importance for the city in favour of population and the region's own priority, and kept the one-re-election limit by 17 votes to 11 in 1997; from 2004 it allowed councillors back after two terms, in 2008 it introduced 48-hour slate registration, a delegate-service requirement and unlimited re-election, which the 2009 survey shows about 60 percent of participants opposed; in 2016 it let anyone attend any regional assembly; in 2023 it fixed the 80/20 split and SEI access. The City's own accounting (public presentation of the previous plan, then the GOR report of budgeted, committed and executed amounts that the council votes) is the second loop, and the observatory's count of 9,268 demands since 1990 with 2,395 pending is what the council accepted in 2017 as the reason to review the backlog instead of voting new demands. The surveys of assembly participants (Fase, Cidade and the City in 1993 and 1995, Cidade in 1998, 2000 and 2002, Fedozzi and the city observatory with UFRGS in 2005, 2009, 2012 and 2015) are the longest series and their findings on elitisation and rule knowledge had no formal route into the rules. The World Bank's 2008 study, requested by the City, recommended aligning the cycle with the budget calendar, capping the OP envelope to real revenue, a two-year cycle for complex works, reimbursing bus fares for the poorest and simplifying the rules; the cycle was aligned to the budget laws in December 2012 and a cap arrived in 2022 in the form of a fixed reserve.

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